The Sumerians developed city-states and formed a white temple for rituals. Sumerians also produced great literature.
It is a female head make up with fragments of white marble.
It was the first work of pictorial narration.
The oversized eyes of these statuettes depict that the worships for deities and the wakefulness to the connection between deities and them.
The steel shows the battle of Sumerian.
Sumerian… ...➔➔➔
The agriculture developed, many towns developed, so the
Around 7000 BCE, they developed stone buildings to defend nomad, it’s a great achievement, and they used the skulls for rituals, also using plaster to restore the skull, and inlaid seashells as eyes.
They remarked the beginning of monumental sculptures in Mesopotamia.
It developed the depiction of the human body, the shape of the torso, not only the profile.… ...➔➔➔
What shall be my subject? -animals, but men are rare. They’re almost profiled because the only profile can show the essence.
Paleolithic human-headed shows that the ivory figure is very important for the artist.
Nude woman shows fertility images. The intents of makers maybe the female form.
Ancient artists always painted statuette.
The sculptors usually change the subject to keep the profile view and details.
The question… ...➔➔➔
Carving and Casting: Subtractive, and addictive.
Relief sculpture: some sculpture is very boldly.
Art historian should learn in other disciplines.
No one can be truly objective.
Texture reflects the material.
SPACE, MASS, and VOLUME
Perspective, Foreshortening Foreshortening is one form of perspective, Rubens use it, Egyptian artists don’t use it, neither is the correct.
Proportion, and Scale Proportion can be changed for some intention.
Who made it? From the personal style, art historian can attribute who made these art works.
Who paid for it? Patrons always have a big influence when artists are commissioned. They can change subjects and style in an artwork, under these circumstances, personal style is not important. So it is necessary to know who paid for it?
Basic words for art historian:
Form and composition (not only two dimensions but also 3D)
Material and Technique
Line (like Durer’s The Four Horsemen,… ...➔➔➔
What is art history:
Art history aims to learn and find the history and development of art.
The questions art historians should ask:
How old is it?
What is it’s style?
《文征明与陈淳绘画风格比较研究》
选题意义：
文征明是吴门画派的代表人物，与沈周、唐寅、仇英并称“吴门四家”，山水、人物、花卉、兰竹皆工，早年和中年皆以工细为主，晚年逐渐形成细腻与粗放两种风格，他对明代文人画的发展起到了重要的作用；陈淳是明代著名画家，陈淳师从文征明，在其门下有的很高的声望，陈淳画风早年承袭文征明，中年后形成自己的写意风格，对写意花鸟画的发展产生极大影响，与徐渭并称“白阳”、“青藤”。
在沈周去世后，文征明成为吴门画派的领导者，因为他使得吴门画派的影响力越来越大，他在培养文氏家族的同时，也与文人交游、积极传授绘画技巧，陈淳就是其中的一员。陈淳早年与文征明交游，向他学习书画词章，实际上是亦师亦友的关系，但是到后期他尊师又背师，画风渐变又突变，以至于文征明说“吾道复举业师耳，渠书画自有门径，非吾徒也。”这也使得陈淳的绘画一定程度上推动了明后期绘画的新变，摆脱了吴门画派的束缚，与徐渭一同完成了写意花鸟画的变革。… ...➔➔➔
第一章比较好
阿拉伯数字点汉字是顿
严格的按照专业写作的格式（学校也有格式）
贡布里希.艺术的故事.2013 这绝对是错的
标准的是（英）贡布里希：《艺术的故事》，北京：……出版社，2013年版，第xx页
不写就全都不写，一定要统一
图注不能有符号 作者不用写国籍
35×67厘米
扣题 逻辑性 长篇议论文
论点 就要有点 每个分论点扣一级标题
意识形态批评
意识形态不是强加在我们上面的。
走出意识形态是痛苦的，意识形态会使你看到真相。自由是痛苦的。
幻想正是组成意识形态的重要材料。幻想提供了简单的解答。
过去的纯粹的消费主义，现在变得非常狡猾。
颠覆斯大林主义的独裁不仅仅在于嘲笑领袖，还要破坏得以存在的依据——“人民”。
